The Spread of Appropriate Irrigated Farming Techniques on Paddy Field Through PIM
During the 1980’s there had been an escalating increase of participatory irrigation management (PIM) for resolving the problems of critical food security in many regions of the world. At that time, the function of irrigation has been recognized as a mean for stabilizing food production and prices. It was identified that Irrigation provides some 40% of the world’s food from only 17% of the global cropped area. 2,400 million people depend on irrigated agriculture for food and livelihood. However this irrigation function has been challenged by the increasing of population on the one hand and the need to enhance the technical, managerial and institutional intervention to keep pace with the sustainable food security program. In an attempt to resolve the problems, there has been variety of approaches to be consistently implemented, however, there are several countries around the world have attempted irrigation management transfer to water user associations and other means of PIM. Others are only partially implemented by means of institutional arrangement, with different levels of success even failures. Considering the message of the INWEPF to the 5th World Water Forum in Turkey – March 2008, among others that farmer participation is indispensable parts of PIM system, this paper gives a brief overview of the different types of institutional arrangements of water user associations and suggests best practices as incentives for promoting effective adjustment of PIM with the respective countries practices, and most importantly, to spread up of the appropriate irrigated farming techniques on paddy fields through PIM.
